Nukus , Uzbekistan

Karakalpakstan Ancient Sites Tour

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About this experience

Why Choose Our Transportation?

✔️ Comfortable & Reliable Vehicles – Choose from sedans, minibuses, or full-sized buses based on your group size.
✔️ Experienced Drivers – Safe and professional drivers who know the best routes.
✔️ Flexible Schedules – We work around your plans, ensuring a stress-free trip.
✔️ Scenic Stops – Enjoy stunning desert landscapes and photo opportunities along the way.
✔️ Local Expertise – Optional professional guides available to bring history to life.

Available options

Karakalpakstan Ancient Sites Tour

Pickup included

What's included

Entrance fee

Lunch

Air-conditioned vehicle

Breakfast

Guide

Coffee and/or Tea

Detailed itinerary

Stop 1

Shylpyq (also known as Shilpiq) is an ancient pilgrimage site and historical monument located in the Ellikkala district of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.

Historical and Cultural Significance

Shylpyq dates back to the 8th–9th centuries AD and was originally constructed as a dakhma—an open-air burial site used during the Zoroastrian period for funerary rituals. In Zoroastrianism, bodies were not buried in the ground; instead, they were left to be cleansed by birds, and then the bones were collected and preserved separately.

After the spread of Islam, Shylpyq continued to be revered and preserved as a sacred site by the local population. From its top, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the Amu Darya valley and the surrounding landscapes, making it interesting not only from a religious perspective but also as a tourist attraction.

Topraq Qala (also spelled Toprak Kala) is an ancient fortress and archaeological site located in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. It was once the capital of the ancient Khorezm (Chorasmia) kingdom.

Historical Background

Topraq Qala dates back to the 2nd–3rd centuries AD and served as the royal residence of the Khorezm kings during that time. The fortress was part of a larger network of settlements and fortifications in the Amu Darya river delta, a region known for its advanced civilization and rich cultural heritage.

This site represents the pre-Islamic period of Central Asia and reflects the high level of urban planning, architecture, and governance of the Khorezmian state.
The fortress was built using mud bricks and had thick defensive walls with towers. Inside the fortress, archaeologists discovered the remains of a palace complex with more than 100 rooms, including audience halls, residential quarters, temples, and administrative buildings.

Ayaz Qala is one of the most iconic and well-preserved ancient fortresses in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan. It is located in the Kyzylkum Desert, not far from the shores of the former Aral Sea and near other historical sites like Topraq Qala and Shylpyq.
Historical Background
Ayaz Qala is not a single fortress, but a complex of three fortresses built at different times between the 4th century BC and the 7th century AD. These fortresses were part of the defensive system of ancient Khorezm, a powerful kingdom that existed in the Amu Darya river delta.
The name “Ayaz Qala” means “Fortress of the Cold Wind,” likely referring to the strong desert winds that sweep through the area.
The Fortresses
Ayaz Qala I (4th century BC): The oldest and most famous structure, likely built for military defense.
Ayaz Qala II (6th–7th centuries AD): Possibly served as a garrison or residence for aristocrats.

Available languages

Guide guide

RU EN

Important information

Infants and small children can ride in a pram or stroller

Public transportation options are available nearby

Infants are required to sit on an adult’s lap

Not recommended for pregnant travelers

Suitable for all physical fitness levels

About Nukus

Nukus is the capital of the autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan in Uzbekistan, known for its rich cultural heritage and the renowned Savitsky Art Museum. The city offers a unique blend of Soviet-era architecture, traditional Karakalpak culture, and access to the vast Kyzylkum Desert and the Aral Sea region.

Top Attractions

Savitsky Art Museum

The Savitsky Art Museum houses a unique collection of Russian avant-garde art and Karakalpak traditional art. It is one of the most important museums in Central Asia and a must-visit for art lovers.

Museum 2-3 hours Moderate (around 15,000 UZS)

Kyzylkum Desert

The Kyzylkum Desert is one of the largest deserts in Central Asia, offering stunning landscapes, sand dunes, and unique wildlife. It's a great place for desert trekking, camel rides, and camping.

Nature Full day or overnight Budget to Moderate (depending on tour options)

Aral Sea Region

The Aral Sea region is known for its ecological disaster and the ongoing efforts to restore the area. Visiting the region provides a unique insight into the environmental challenges and the resilience of the local communities.

Nature Full day or overnight Moderate (depending on tour options)

Nukus Historical Museum

The Nukus Historical Museum offers a comprehensive overview of the history and culture of the Karakalpakstan region. It features exhibits on archaeology, ethnography, and the natural history of the area.

Museum 1-2 hours Budget (around 5,000 UZS)

Must-Try Local Dishes

Plov

A traditional Uzbek rice dish cooked with meat (usually lamb or beef), carrots, and onions. It is a staple of Uzbek cuisine and a must-try for visitors.

Main Dish Contains meat, can be made with chicken or vegetarian versions.

Lagman

A hearty noodle soup with chunks of meat (usually beef or lamb), vegetables, and a rich broth. It is a popular dish in Uzbekistan and other Central Asian countries.

Main Dish Contains meat, can be made with chicken or vegetarian versions.

Samsa

A baked pastry filled with meat (usually lamb or beef), onions, and spices. It is a popular street food and snack in Uzbekistan.

Snack Contains meat, can be made with vegetable fillings.

Popular Activities

Desert trekking Camel rides Exploring the Aral Sea region Tea house visits Local markets Cultural tours Museum visits Historical tours

Best Time to Visit

April to June, September to October

The best time to visit Nukus is during spring and autumn when the weather is mild and pleasant, making it ideal for exploring the city and its surroundings. This period also offers comfortable conditions for visiting the nearby deserts and the Aral Sea region.

20-35°C 68-95°F

Practical Information

Language

Official: Uzbek, Russian
Widely spoken: Karakalpak, English (limited)
English: Limited

Currency

Uzbekistani Som (UZS)

Time Zone

GMT+5

Electricity

220VV, 50HzHz

Safety Information

Overall Safety Rating: Generally safe

Nukus is generally safe for travelers, but it's important to be aware of your surroundings and take common precautions to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip.

Important Precautions:

• Be cautious of strangers offering help or services.
• Use reputable tour operators and taxi services.
• Keep valuables secure and out of sight.

Getting there

By air

Nukus Airport • 10 km from city center

By train

Nukus Railway Station

By bus

Nukus Bus Terminal

Getting around

Public transport

The bus system in Nukus is affordable and covers most parts of the city. Buses are the primary mode of public transportation.

Taxis

Available • Apps: Yandex.Taxi

Rentals

Car, Bike, Scooter

Neighborhoods

Downtown Nukus Beruni District

Day trips

Muynak

150 km from Nukus • Full day

Muynak is a former port city on the Aral Sea that has been dramatically affected by the sea's retreat. Visiting Muynak offers a unique insight into the environmental and social impacts of the Aral Sea disaster.

Kyzylkum Desert

Varies (day trips available) • Full day or overnight

The Kyzylkum Desert offers stunning landscapes, sand dunes, and unique wildlife. It's a great place for desert trekking, camel rides, and camping.

Festivals

Karakalpakstan Independence Day • August 14 Nowruz • March 21

Pro tips

Visit the Savitsky Art Museum early in the morning to avoid the heat and crowds.
Join a guided tour for a safe and informative experience when exploring the Kyzylkum Desert or the Aral Sea region.
Try local street food at the Beruni Market for an authentic culinary experience.
Learn a few basic phrases in Uzbek or Russian to enhance your interactions with locals.
Carry small change for public transportation, small purchases, and tipping.